What Does a Garden Snake (Garter) Look Like Around Philadelphia PA?

When spotting snakes in PA, you’ll find an impressive variety of them slithering through the grass, basking on rocks, or quietly camouflaging under the cover of leaves. Pennsylvania is home to 21 different snake species, most of which are non-venomous, while three are venomous. These snakes play a significant role in the ecosystem, helping to keep pests under control while charming us with their striking patterns and stripes. 

But if you’re specifically in the Philadelphia area, you might be wondering what garden snakes look like around Philadelphia, PA, and what they’re doing there. You’re in luck; we’re breaking down what garden snakes are around the Philadelphia area, if they’re dangerous, and what to look out for. Keep reading for the complete guide!  

Difference Between Garden Snakes vs. Copperheads 

Garden snakes, also known as Garter snakes, are slender and feature distinctive striped or checkered patterns in shades of green, brown, or gray. They are non-venomous, harmless to humans, and play an essential role in controlling pests like insects and small rodents and are often found in the Philadelphia, PA area.  

On a residential level, Garter or Garden snakes can be found in meadows, forests, or gardens with long uncut grass or tall plant life, which are ideal for hiding and keeping camouflaged. 

In contrast, Copperheads (a poisonous snake in PA) are venomous and have a copper or reddish-brown color and hourglass-shaped markings. They have a thicker body than garden snakes and a triangular-shaped head, a key trait of venomous species. 

While Garden snakes are found widely across Pennsylvania, including urban areas like Philadelphia, Copperheads are more commonly seen in southeastern and southwestern parts of the state. Copperheads prefer rocky or forested environments and tend to avoid heavily populated areas. Recognizing these differences is crucial, as garden snakes pose no threat, while copperheads require caution due to their venom. 

The Importance of Knowing Their Differences of Snakes in Philadelphia, PA 

• Safety: Identifying garden snakes versus venomous ones reduces unnecessary panic and allows for calm responses. This is especially important in areas like Philadelphia, where snakes may be encountered in backyards or parks, and quick identification can prevent harmful reactions. 

• Wildlife Protection: Knowing harmless species prevents harm to beneficial snakes, supporting ecological balance. Garden or Garter snakes, for instance, help control pests, making them vital to the ecosystem. Misidentifying and harming these snakes disrupts this balance. 

• Health Precautions: Quick identification of venomous snakes helps ensure safety for people and pets. Recognizing a Copperhead, for example, allows you to take immediate precautions and avoid unnecessary risks. 

• Education: Proper identification increases awareness in urban areas, fostering respect and coexistence with local wildlife. By understanding the differences between species, residents of Philadelphia can appreciate snakes’ roles in nature rather than fearing them unnecessarily. 

• Outdoor Comfort: Recognizing non-venomous snakes reduces fear, enhancing the enjoyment of Philadelphia’s parks and green spaces. Knowing that a snake is harmless lets you focus on the beauty of nature rather than worrying about potential danger. 

What Does a Garden Snake Look Like Around Philadelphia, PA? 

Garden Snakes are common reptiles found in many places in the United States, including Philadelphia. So, what does a Garden snake look like around Philadelphia, PA? Garden or Garter snakes are easily recognized by a thin yellowish stripe running down their back, though their overall color can vary. Typically, Garter snakes grow to about 20-30 inches in length, making them small and slender compared to other snake species. 

Different Types of Garter Snakes in Philadelphia, PA 

While Garter snakes are among the most widely found snakes across North America, here are what types of Garden snakes can be found around Philadelphia and the PA area: 

Common Garter Snake (Thamnophis sirtalis)  

The Common Garter Snake (Thamnophis sirtalis) is one of the most widespread types of Garter snakes in North America, including Pennsylvania. Its head is distinctly larger than its neck, making it easy to identify. Most common Garter snakes feature a pattern of yellow stripes on a black, brown, or green background.  

They typically grow to an average length of about 55 cm (22 inches), though they can reach up to 137 cm (54 inches). On average, their body mass is around 150 g (5.3 oz), making them relatively small and lightweight compared to other snake species. Luckily, the Common Garter or “Garden” snake is completely harmless and won’t bother you if you don’t bother it. 

Eastern Garter Snake (Thamnophis sirtalis sirtalis) 

The Eastern Garter Snake (Thamnophis sirtalis sirtalis) is a specific subspecies of the Common Garter Snake, found throughout the eastern United States, and is common in PA. This subspecies is known for its yellowish stripes, which are typically well-defined, although some populations may lack the middorsal stripe. The dorsal background color can range from green and olive to brown or black, offering considerable variation. 

On each side, between the vertebral and lateral stripes, there may be two rows of black or red spots, or a combination of both. Its belly is usually plain and whitish or cream-colored, often featuring two rows of black spots. The head coloration can vary from grey, olive, tan, and brown to black or even reddish hues. 

Like their common counterparts, Eastern Garter Snakes are another species of harmless snakes in PA. They are often described as shy and eat small prey like worms and insects. 

Ribbon Snake (Thamnophis saurita) 

The Ribbon Snake (Thamnophis saurita), particularly the Eastern Ribbon Snake, is one more common species of snakes in PA. Within the same family as the Garter “Garden” snake, these slender snakes typically measure between 16 to 35 inches (41 to 89 cm) in total length, including their tail. They are characterized by their dark brown coloration with bright yellow stripes running along their body, making them easy to identify. 

Females are generally thicker than males, and they thrive in wet environments such as lakes, streams, ponds, and marshes, where they are active from April to October. During the winter months, ribbon snakes hibernate to escape the cold. They reach maturity at around three years of age, making them relatively quick to develop compared to some other species. 

Habitat and Behavior of Garden Snakes in PA 

Garter snakes are versatile creatures that can be found in meadows, gardens, forests, and other natural habitats throughout Pennsylvania. They prefer areas near water, which provide the moisture they need to keep their skin hydrated. Urban gardens and parks also offer ideal environments for them, as these spaces often provide damp conditions. 

These snakes make their dens in secure spots like under large rocks, steps, stone walls, or building foundations. They are known for their agility, moving in a quick, side-to-side S-shape. In addition to being fast, they are skilled climbers and swimmers, which helps them hunt and escape predators. 

As natural pest controllers, Garden snakes feed on insects, slugs, and small rodents, playing an important role in maintaining a balanced ecosystem in both urban and rural areas. Despite their active nature, garden snakes are non-aggressive and pose no threat to humans. 

More Types of Snakes in Philadelphia  

The variety of snakes in Philadelphia showcases their adaptability to different environments and their importance in maintaining ecological balance. Whether in urban gardens or remote forests, their hiding spots help them survive and thrive in their respective habitats. Here’s a closer look at where these snakes are found and their preferred hiding spots: 

Eastern Garter Snake (Thamnophis sirtalis sirtalis)

Found statewide in Pennsylvania, the Eastern Garter Snake is common in both rural and urban settings. They often hide under rocks, logs, leaf litter, and tall grasses, making them a familiar sight in gardens, parks, and near water sources like ponds or streams. 

Shorthead Garter Snake (Thamnophis brachystoma)

Primarily found in northwestern Pennsylvania, the Shorthead Garter Snake prefers damp environments and is frequently seen under rocks, fallen logs, or along marshy riverbanks. 

Northern Ring-necked Snake (Diadophis punctatus edwardsii)

Common in forested areas throughout the state, the Northern Ring-necked Snake favors leaf litter, rotting logs, and rocks in shaded, moist woodland areas. They are nocturnal and hide during the day. 

Eastern Milksnake (Lampropeltis triangulum)

Eastern Milksnakes are widespread in rocky, forested, and agricultural regions across Pennsylvania. They often hide in barns, basements, under logs and rocks, and near abandoned structures and fields. 

Eastern Hog-nosed Snake (Heterodon platirhinos)

Though found statewide, the Eastern Hog-nosed Snake is more common in sandy-soil regions. These snakes burrow in loose soil and are often seen in open fields, forest edges, and near sandbanks. 

Northern Watersnake (Nerodia sipedon sipedon)

Northern Watersnakes are another widely found snake in Philadelphia, especially near bodies of water. They hide in tall grasses and along riverbanks, pond edges, and lakeshores. They can often be spotted basking on rocks or logs near water. 

Northern Black Racer (Coluber constrictor constrictor)

Found statewide, especially in open fields, woodlands, and scrub areas, the Northern Black Racer is known for hiding in tall grass, under rocks, and in brushy areas. Their speed allows them to flee quickly when disturbed. 

Eastern Ratsnake (Pantherophis alleghaniensis)

Eastern Ratsnakes are another widely found snake in PA, and are often found in wooded areas, farmlands, and barns. They are excellent climbers and frequently hide in tree trunks, branches, or hollow logs. 

Northern Rough Greensnake (Opheodrys aestivus)

Northern Rough Greensnakes are less common but can be found in southeastern Pennsylvania. They prefer thick vegetation, hiding in trees, bushes, and shrubs near water, blending in with their bright green color. 

Smooth Greensnake (Opheodrys vernalis)

Smooth Greensnakes are primarily found in northern and central Pennsylvania. They usually hide in grassy fields, gardens, and under logs. Their bright green coloration camouflages them in leafy areas. 

Queensnake (Regina septemvittata)

Queensnakes are found near rivers and streams across Pennsylvania, particularly in the western region. They commonly hide under rocks, logs, and debris near water, feeding primarily on crayfish. 

Northern Brown Snake (Storeria dekayi)

Northern Brown Snakes are common snakes in PA, especially found in suburban areas and gardens. Northern Brown Snakes hide under mulch, rocks, logs, and leaf piles in urban settings. 

Northern Red-bellied Snake (Storeria occipitomaculata)

Widespread in Pennsylvania’s forests, particularly in moist environments, Northern Red-bellied Snakes are often found under leaf litter, logs, and rocks in damp, shaded locations. 

Eastern Wormsnake (Carphophis amoenus amoenus)

Eastern Wormsnakes  are found in southeastern and southwestern Pennsylvania. They primarily live underground in loose soil, under rocks, or logs in moist woodland areas. 

Kirtland’s Snake (Clonophis kirtlandii)

Kirtland’s Snake is a rare species in Pennsylvania and is mostly found in wet meadows and waterways in the western part of the state. They often hide in tall grasses, under rocks, and in rodent burrows. 

Mountain Earthsnake (Virginia pulchra)

Found in mountainous regions like the Allegheny Mountains, Mountain Earthsnakes hide under rocks, logs, and loose soil in cool, shaded forested areas. 

Eastern Smooth Earthsnake (Virginia valeriae valeriae)

Distributed in central and southeastern Pennsylvania, Eastern Smooth Earthsnakes live in moist forest floors and hide under leaf litter, rocks, and logs. They spend much of their time underground or in shaded spots. 

The Three Poisonous Snakes in PA 

Did you know Pennsylvania is home to three fascinating yet venomous snakes? The Timber Rattlesnake, Northern Copperhead, and Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake are poisonous snakes in PA and have unique traits, habits, and roles in the ecosystem. Understanding them not only ensures your safety but also deepens your appreciation for the diverse wildlife in our state. Keep reading to learn more about these three poisonous snakes in PA. 

Timber Rattlesnake (Crotalus horridus)

The Timber Rattlesnake is a highly venomous species commonly found in the forested and mountainous regions of northern and central Pennsylvania, including areas like the Allegheny Mountains and parts of the Appalachian region. These snakes prefer hiding under logs, rocks, and dense leaf litter in forests, and they often bask on rocky ledges or open spaces to regulate their body temperature. 

Timber Rattlesnakes possess potent hemotoxic venom that can cause tissue damage, swelling, and severe pain. While their bites are rarely fatal, immediate medical attention is crucial to prevent complications. Despite their venomous nature, Timber Rattlesnakes are generally non-aggressive and will avoid humans unless threatened. 

Northern Copperhead (Agkistrodon contortrix mokasen)

The Northern Copperhead is one of the most widespread venomous snakes in Pennsylvania, frequently found in rocky woodlands, fields, and areas near streams, especially in the southeastern and southwestern regions of the state. These snakes blend seamlessly into their surroundings, hiding in rocky outcroppings, forest floors, and areas with dense vegetation. They are also known to shelter under rocks, logs, and occasionally near rural homes. 

As poisonous snakes in PA go, Copperheads produce mild to moderate hemotoxic venom, which causes localized pain, swelling, and sometimes nausea. While their bites are rarely life-threatening, medical treatment is necessary to manage symptoms effectively. Copperheads are generally shy and will only bite if they feel threatened, making them less of a threat with proper precautions. 

Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake (Sistrurus catenatus)

The Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake is extremely rare in Pennsylvania, primarily inhabiting the western parts of the state in wetland areas. This species, listed as endangered due to habitat loss, prefers wet meadows, marshes, and grassy areas, where they can hide in tall grass or dense vegetation. 

The Massasauga’s venom is hemotoxic but less potent than that of the Timber Rattlesnake. Bites are rare due to the snake’s reclusive nature but require medical attention if they occur. As one of Pennsylvania’s rarest snakes, the Massasauga plays a vital role in local ecosystems while posing minimal risk to humans when left undisturbed. 

What To Do If You’re Bitten by These Venomous Snakes 

• Remain calm and try to move as little as possible to slow venom spread. Staying calm helps keep your heart rate down, which can reduce the speed at which venom circulates through your body. Excessive movement can cause the venom to spread more quickly. 

• Call emergency services immediately and seek medical help. If you encounter a poisonous snake in PA, remember that time is critical after a venomous snake bite. Professional medical treatment, including the administration of antivenom, is the most effective way to manage the effects of the venom. 

• Keep the bitten limb immobilized and at heart level if possible. Immobilizing the affected limb minimizes muscle movement and slows the venom’s spread. Keeping it at heart level reduces both swelling and the potential for venom to circulate more rapidly. 

• Avoid using a tourniquet, cutting the wound, or attempting to “suck out” the venom. These outdated methods can cause additional damage to the tissue and worsen the injury. They are not effective in removing venom and may complicate medical treatment. 

• Do not attempt any first-aid remedies other than seeking professional care. Home remedies and unverified treatments can do more harm than good. Focus on getting to a medical facility where proper care and antivenom are available. 

What to Do If You Encounter Garden Snakes Around Philadelphia, PA 

Remain calm, let it go, or gently guide it out if you find a garden snake in your yard. Garden snakes are harmless and non-aggressive. If you encounter one, stay calm and allow it to move on its own. If necessary, you can gently guide it away from high-traffic areas using a long stick or similar tool. 

Appreciate the benefits of garden snakes as natural pest control. Garden snakes help manage insect and rodent populations, making them valuable allies for gardeners. They reduce the need for chemical pesticides and contribute to a healthier garden ecosystem. 

Create a snake-friendly garden by providing areas for shelter, avoiding harmful chemicals, and preserving natural habitats. To encourage garden snakes to stay in areas where they can be beneficial, consider adding rock piles, logs, or dense vegetation for shelter. Avoid using pesticides or harmful chemicals that could harm them or their food sources. 

Contact local animal control if assistance is needed or if a venomous snake is suspected. While garden snakes are harmless, if you’re unsure about the species or if it looks similar to a venomous snake like a copperhead, reach out to animal control for professional identification and removal. 

Can Copperhead Snakes be Found Around Philadelphia, PA? 

Yes, the Copperhead Snake can be found around Philadelphia, PA. This venomous snake lives in various habitats, including remote wilderness areas, suburban regions, and occasionally urban locations, where they can blend into their surroundings. 

Copperheads have a thick, heavy body, a large triangular head, and reddish-brown hourglass-shaped saddles on their backs, making them easily identifiable. They also have a single row of scales on the underside of their tail, vertical slit-like pupils like a cat’s, and heat-sensing pits between their eyes and nostrils, features shared by all pit vipers. 

While Copperheads are venomous, they are generally docile and only attack if provoked. A bite from a Copperhead is painful but rarely fatal, as their venom is not as potent as other snakes in their category. Recognizing their features and behavior can help ensure safe coexistence in areas where they are present. 

Do Snakes Die During Winter Around Philadelphia, PA? 

Snakes in the Philadelphia area, like many in temperate regions, do not die during winter. Instead, they enter a state called brumation—a hibernation-like period where their metabolic rate slows significantly, allowing them to survive the cold months. During brumation, snakes seek out sheltered environments known as hibernacula, which provide protection from freezing temperatures.  

Common hibernation locations include underground burrows, rock crevices, and spaces beneath logs or leaf litter. In urban settings like Philadelphia, snakes may also utilize man-made structures such as old stone walls or basements for brumation. This adaptation enables them to endure winter conditions and become active again in the spring. 

Garden snakes are harmless and play an important role in Philadelphia’s urban and suburban ecosystems by controlling pests and supporting biodiversity. Observing snakes from a distance and respecting their space benefits both humans and wildlife. If you don’t bother them, they won’t bother you. Garden snakes are an essential part of our ecosystem and treating them with respect contributes to the overall health of our planet.